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Kotoba engineering notes

Evidence before slogans

Short notes about language design, measurements, shipped boundaries, and wetin still remain unqualified.

15 October 2026 · Embench IoT

Embench IoT: Kotoba/Amu at 0.7999× C time in one M4 cycle

A single-cycle exploratory result across 19 translated Embench ports, with the kernel audit and separate comparisons against Rust, C, Zig, Go, and Swift.

Read the result and audit · 日本語

15 October 2026 · How to use

kotoba and murakumo on one bench: how to use each

A quick-use guide to the kotoba CLI, a murakumo node, kotobase, the commit chain, the checkpoint anchor, AWAI DNA and Base/x402 settlement, with an interactive figure of the 2026-10-06 fleet run.

Read the usage guide · 日本語の使い方 · Interactive figure

12 October 2026 · Native performance

Kotoba native performance: Embench progress, updated 13 October 2026

Latest main Round 85: Kotoba takes 2.954× C execution time across all 19 workloads. The C-or-faster goal is unmet; optimization is paused and unadopted candidates are preserved.

Read the progress report · 日本語の進捗報告

10 September 2026 · Infrastructure

Can Kotoba cut infra cost? One measured path, no invented savings

Build wait, CPU wall time, artifact bytes, and JVM-free emit can touch infra cost. This post ships mechanisms and named numbers only. No $/month claim, no language Release URL, no Kotoba-beats-Rust-or-C on GPU.

Read the measured path

Security engineering

Kotoba fit support NIST CSF 2.0 program?

Evidence-led guide to capability boundaries, attack paths and the operating controls wey still dey needed around Kotoba.

Read the assessment and attack scenarios

Specification · Authentication

Organization identity and verifiable membership for Kotoba Cloud

Spec: organizations na did:webvh DIDs; membership na W3C Verifiable Credential with status; runtime capability na Biscuit; first-party trust registry dey anchor verification.

Read di specification

31 August 2026 · Benchmarks

A fifth benchmark, and di claim say e no go support

Di four benchmarks all build program wey small to fit one screen, wey measure how fast toolchain start instead of how long developer dey wait. Di new build-scaling suite generate di same program for eight sizes, build am through every toolchain for di host, then execute wetin each one produce.

Executing artifact na wetin make am benchmark no be stopwatch. The released Kotoba CLI dey emit invalid WebAssembly module wey get pass 128 functions and e exit successful, so unvalidated harness for record best numbers exactly where e stop to work. Two more Kotoba lanes stop for declared bounds — call-fuel budget and function-count admission limit — na opposite result and dem suppose report am like that.

Di suite add to show build speed as strength. E show di released binary wey get lowest cold-start build cost for any lane wey dem measure, and e show say for big sizes build speed no be Kotoba strength now. Both halves dey for di same table.

Read build-scaling results

29 August 2026 · Benchmarks

Four benchmarks dey answer four different questions

Compiler startup dey measure one small source-to-artifact path. Di developer-loop suite separate resolution, checking, clean and no-change builds, and first result across eleven toolchain paths. Native runtime dey measure already-built programs. Di fourth suite dey compare strings, collections, allocation, I/O, concurrency, and small real application across six representative runtime paths. Kotoba dey publish dem separately so one fast phase no go fit be mistaken for universal speed.

Every emitted result dey checked, but all speed rankings still dey withheld because recorded host-load gates fail.

Read di benchmark and check im evidence

28 August 2026 · Language design

No ambient authority na language boundary

Kotoba programs no dey start wit implicit filesystem, network, process, clock, model, or secret access. Source dey declare effects, admission dey intersect grants and policy, and the host na only the resulting capabilities e bind.

Dat design dey complement operating-system isolation; e no replace di compiler, verifier, runtime, provider, key custody, or host policy for di trusted computing base.

See computation boundary